Page 186 - Pure Life 33

Quantum Fluctuation… M.S. Mousavi Karimi (185

We have not yet Grishchak and Zeldovich,
encountered a satisfactory 1982; Atkatz and Pagels,

and self-consistent formulation 1982; Gott, 1982; Vilenkin,
of the quantum theory of 1982; Ibid, 1983; Ibid, 1986)
gravity and quantum have used the quantum

cosmology. (Isham 1989: vacuum fluctuations. Most
90-1) of these models picture the
Several theories have universe as emerging

been proposed to construct spontaneously from an
a quantum theory of empty background space,
spacetime geometry but and the model of Vilenkin

there is still no proposal (1982) depicts it as
that the scientific emerging from nothing.
community accepts These models envisage

unanimously as fully the whole universe to be a
satisfactory. giant quantum mechanical
Nevertheless, several virtual fluctuation of the
models of creatio ex nihilo vacuum. They assume that

have been set forth based the microstructure of the
on the quantum phenomena vacuum, i.e: The state of
of “vacuum fluctuation” lowest possible energy

and “wave function”. density, in quantum
electrodynamics (QED) is a
1. Vacuum Fluctuation sea of continual reactions

Models in which virtual particles
Models developed by (Ref: Weingard (1982) are
(Tryon, 1973; Brout et al, 1978;
created, and almost